Generalizing from specifics
I’m at a lecture where the panelists are discussing a book about for-profit colleges. The panelists have strong pedigrees, the audience is highly educated, and the discussion is lively. As someone who ran a for profit education business, I have just enough knowledge to track the conversation, but not enough to participate. So, as usually happens, I drift into listening for and labeling the various communication techniques being used to exchange ideas. This group relied heavily on a favorite - high level abstraction.
Here is a high level abstraction example. I'll work from a specific into a generalization.

The first step is to name the specific. In this example I'll use football player Ray Rice.
One level up is to lump him in with others that share his characteristics. I'll use aggressive football players that abuse their girlfriends.
Taking it up one more level is characteristics common to that group, moving far beyond Ray Rice. For instance, pro athletes behaving badly.
Taking it up one more level will lump them in with characteristics of an even larger group. Like men with power behaving badly. Now we're hard pressed to think of Mr. Rice at all.
To go up to an even higher abstraction: he's part of people who do terrible things to each other. They could be men, women, or children. That's high level abstraction.
Ray Rice came to mind because when the savage beating of his girlfriend threatened to tarnish the NFL's reputation, the NFL responded by ignoring the specific and generalizing. They ran ads of teary eyed NFL professionals unable to express their sadness about abused women. The ad is directed to the audience and says, "Hey! Men! Don’t abuse women!" All I could think was wait, what? Isn't this about Ray Rice? Why are you showing this to me? Maybe you should run those ads at player meetings. . .
A specific, generalized to an abstraction.
This element of semantics was on full display at the lecture. Participants moved fluidly from high level abstraction down to specific examples, then back up again. The specifics are where the interesting parts of the conversation took place because each audience member could relate to the generalization, but factions emerged in the specifics. The group used analogies, metaphors, and similies to check for understanding. “I can only speak from my experience but I remember Jed Sample and he went to a for profit college. . .” It was great, I loved it.
Next week, when you’re being human and communicating, note when someone is trying to persuade. Listen for the jump from specific “you want to save money, right?” to the abstract “our firm has helped companies like yours get those same outcomes” back to the specific “so I’d like to talk to you about [x].” It's the kind of thing that robots will have a tough time learning but humans are great at.
Good stuff to watch.
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